Affirmative Action Essays (970 words) - Discrimination,

Governmental policy regarding minorities in society The possibility that distinctive subcategories of people exist, and that relying upon one's perspective, some subcategories are naturally substandard compared to other people, has been around since old occasions. This idea in the end picked up the name of race in 1789, a zoological term... for the most part characterized as a subcategory of an animal types which acquires certain physical attributes that recognize it from different classifications of that equivalent species. (Tivnan 181). In spite of the fact that subjection has been overall killed in for all intents and purposes all aspects of the present day world, the idea used to support its execution, bigotry, despite everything plagues most present day societies. Races that were once subjugated, or are minorities inside their general public, are regularly separated against in an assortment of ways. This demeanor can bring about activities as serious as the Holocaust of World War II, or as minor as a pretentious look from a sales rep at an uptown retail chain. In America, a functioning war has been pursued on segregation since minorities and ladies revitalized for equivalent rights in the Social liberties development of the 1960's. Over the most recent 35 years, the American government has made progress toward completion segregation by and large, establishing social strategies intended to give the discouraged minorities an advantage in a white-commanded society. One such arrangement, Affirmative Action, by and large alludes to programs that give special treatment to minority bunches dependent on financial status and which attempt to address past shameful acts delivered upon said gatherings. This utilization of racial standards to grant openings in fields like training and business has started significant discussions over opposite segregation what's more, moral commitment in the present America. Many case that blacks in America have an ethical case to remunerate them for the foremost treachery caused upon them, subjection (Tivnan 202). In spite of the fact that bondage finished about 200 years back, prejudice was endured and even empowered by the American government and was practically open arrangement for the greater part of the twentieth century (Tivnan 202). Defenders of governmental policy regarding minorities in society accept society owes blacks for these past treacheries. Notwithstanding reimbursing blacks, these approaches are socially helpful to the entire of society, as per Ronald Dworkin in his book Why Bakke Has No Case. By helping the present ruined blacks, we can endeavor to end the endless loop of destitution inside only a couple of ages. Guardians helped by governmental policy regarding minorities in society will be better ready to bring up their youngsters, who will be better instructed and accordingly get better occupations without help. At times, the shade of one's skin can be as significant a rules as their knowledge or experience. In the event that a dark skin will, as an issue of unfortunate certainty, empower another specialist to do an alternate clinical employment better (for example priest to a urban ghetto populace), at that point dark skin should be taken as 'merit' also (Qtd. In Tivnan 206). The reality that dark or white skin empowers one to carry out a responsibility better isn't a proportion of individual worth, similarly as individuals who can play ball better in light of their tallness are not naturally better than the individuals who can't. Albeit positive Activity doesn't take care of the considerable number of issues, or resolve all the issues, you need to ask yourself: What might society resemble without governmental policy regarding minorities in society? (Tivnan 211) Other's contend that you can't clear out bad form with another bad form (Tivnan195). Victimizing whites is similarly as off-base as victimizing blacks. All things considered, when a general public needs to make things equivalent, it doesn't mean turning around the current circumstance and stomping on the rights of various segment. Whites and blacks shouldn't be on discrete records in the vocation world, similarly as they shouldn't have separate eating lodging (Tivnan195). Another point raised is that governmental policy regarding minorities in society has been appeared to hurt blacks more than it encourages them (Tivnan 198). Governmental policy regarding minorities in society suggests inadequacy (Tivnan 198), and despite the fact that it gives a few blacks openings they would some way or another be without, it still proliferates prejudice and racial strain in the work environment. Particular treatment...subjects blacks to a 12 PM of self-question, thus regularly changes their bit of leeway into a spinning entryway. (Tivnan 198). They would favor a level playing field, and despise that kindred representatives feel that they got to their position not through difficult work, yet through an administration program, despite the fact that that may not be the situation (Tivnan 200). Endeavoring to accomplish assorted variety, the objective of such a significant number of associations, frequently shrouds the reality that numerous blacks aren't set up for these chances. As per Shelby Steele's The Content of Our Character, just 26% of dark school understudies move on from school inside six years of confirmation. In spite of the fact that these figures are intriguing, they are absolutely random to the genuine casualties

Policies and Procedures Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Arrangements and Procedures Summary - Essay Example The arrangement of operational issues is basic for the control of unsafe squanders, which helps in the protection of the earth and the network. The administration arrangement builds up the rules for making demands, installment techniques and the divisions worried in the exchanges (OBrien, 2009). The buying arrangement empowers an organization to have a composed framework that decides the provider necessities, goals and item quality (OBrien, 2009). The other huge buying approach classification is the supplier’s obligation for unacceptable supplies, which explains the strategies to be taken if there should arise an occurrence of wrong shipment or substance. The fundamental procedural zones of acquisition include the buying cycle, right utilization of buying structures and the improvement of approved understandings. The buying cycle method depicts the subtleties of the acquirement that representatives must see while reaching providers (Monczka, 2009). Acquisition includes documentation and this requires the utilization of the right structures for each buy made. The structures offer the right depiction of provisions required and the amount. This ought to incorporate the imperative data that the providers need to think about the demand and the costs labeled for every ware. The other procedural zone is the foundation of legitimate goals between the provider and the purchaser (Monczka, 2009). The legitimateness of the exchange takes out break of understanding and misrepresentation that may emerge during the shipment time frame. The installment mode is another procedural territory that must be tended to when managing obtainment. This is on th e grounds that it flags the end of an exchange and assists with building up a positive working between the gatherings. The e-gracefully chain (e-SCM) is a streamlining of strategic policies and rate in each part of an association. This is on the grounds that it utilizes the web and web-innovation to deal with the flexibly of products. The e-flexibly

Dystopia and Utopia in the Giver free essay sample

The Idea of Utopia and Dystopia in The Giver The word â€Å"utopia† has come to characterize our optimal of an ideal society regarding law, government, and social and day to day environments. The thought behind an idealistic culture is that everybody cooperates for normal great of the general public and the laws and government are intended to shield the individuals inside the network from the wrongs of humankind. From numerous points of view, these social orders take on a socialist conviction that request is the best approach to accomplish this ideal society.In Lois Lowry’s epic, The Giver, Lowry examines the possibility of perfect world, however in a way that has gotten extremely disputable. He presents Jonas’s society such that challenges this thought. While Jonas’s world is sheltered and liberated from torment and struggle, it is additionally a world without feeling, decent variety, and the opportunity to pick. Along these lines, Lowry presents the possibility of perfect world as an error and Jonas’s world is progressively an oppressed world that an ideal world. We will compose a custom paper test on Oppressed world and Utopia in the Giver or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when we as perusers are first acquainted with the world in which Jonas lives, it has all the earmarks of being ideal.There is no neediness, craving, or segregation. Everybody has a fruitful employment, and everybody moves in the direction of the benefit of all of the general public. There is likewise no dread and no agony. Everything is constrained by the administration, and anybody that attempts to â€Å"harm† the general public is â€Å"released†. The entirety of the individuals from the network have surrendered their aggregate recollections so they have no recollections of anything terrible. The general public pushed the issue of â€Å"sameness† so that there was no opposition and everybody was on an equivalent playing field.

IvyWise Class of 2017 Early Admission Results

IvyWise Students Gain Early Admission to Highly Selective Universities for the Class of 2021 As college bound seniors anxiously await regular decisions, we’re still gathering information on early admission statistics for the class of 2021, including early action, EDI, and EDII results. students had tremendous success in the early round, with acceptances to Harvard University, Yale University, Stanford University, and more. At we strive to alleviate the stress associated with the college admissions process, which includes developing a strategic application plan that sometimes involves students applying in the early round. Our students performed significantly better than their peers this early admissions round, gaining admission to every Ivy League applied to, as well as Stanford, MIT, UChicago, and more. Harvard University admitted 14.5% of students who applied early to the class of 2021, while 100% of students who applied to Harvard in the early round were accepted. Similarly, 100% of our students who applied to Cornell in the early round were accepted, despite the Ivy League university's early acceptance rate of only 25.6%. IvyWise students who applied early to the class of 2021 gained acceptances to the following institutions: Harvard University Yale University Cornell University Columbia University University of Pennsylvania Princeton University Brown University Stanford University MIT Duke University California Institute of Technology Georgetown University New York University Vanderbilt University The University of Virginia The University of Chicago Washington University in St. Louis IvyWise Student Success Among the early admission results were acceptances from three of’s pro bono students. A pair of sisters, Angelica and Caterina, were accepted early to the University of Pennsylvania and Columbia University, respectively, and another pro bono student, Vienna, was accepted early to Princeton University. See the videos of them learning of their acceptances below! IvyWise Pro Bono Columbia and Penn Acceptance Video 2016 from on Vimeo. IvyWise Pro Bono Princeton Acceptance 2016 from on Vimeo. The team couldn't be more proud of our students who applied in the early round, and we are so thrilled that all their hard work paid off! Our counselors' rosters for the high school class of 2018 are filling up quickly, so now is the time for college-bound juniors to get serious about their college prep. Contact us today to learn more about our college counseling services and how our team of expert counselors can help you achieve your personal and academic goals.

Homosexuality in Eighteenth Century England - 1079 Words

Though same-sex relationships have been a prominent aspect of many cultures almost since the beginning of time, there has historically been a significant taboo surrounding the phenomenon in the Western world. From the Fourteenth Century on, Western Europe was gripped by a rabid and obsessive negative preoccupation with homosexuality as the most horrible of sins (Boswell 262). The majority of people did not understand or accept the idea, and consequentially did not have an appropriate way of talking about it. Over the years, as various cultures identified and even implemented practices currently associated with homosexuality, there arose a need for common terminology. Until the eighteenth century, it was referred to through the practices†¦show more content†¦This recognition of sodomy as the characterizing practice of homosexuals indicates societys general disregard of women as homosexuals. It was apparently beyond the capability of most people during the eighteenth century e ven to consider that women could engage in any practice so unnatural and strange. Women, themselves, used this disbelief to their advantage, as in the case of a woman suspected of homosexual involvement, a suspected Mistress Clap, who was asked by a judge whether she had anything to say for herself. I hope it will be considered that I am a woman, she replied briefly, and therefore it cannot be thought that I would ever be concerned with such practices (Hyde 64). Besides denying any involvement by women in such practices, one of the other beliefs commonly held in England during the eighteenth century was that young boys learned, or were inadvertently taught to be homosexual. One widely-accepted belief blamed the teaching of such deviance on their schooling. Male bonding in schools was crucial. Its result was radical female isolation and a complex pattern of male friendship codes instilled by years of male bonding (Rousseau 144). In another argument against schools in the charge of encouraging homosexual tendencies, An early eighteenth century work called Plain Reasons for the Growth of Sodomy in England blames the custom of sending young boys to kindergartens run by women forShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage and Asian Culture Essay848 Words   |  4 Pagescontext? The history of gay marriage is short but not liked as much. From the history of gay marriages there are an estimated number of 250 million people who live in places which accept gay marriage; this is about 4% of world’s population. In the 2nd century in Rome, men of the same age were legally allowed to marry where they were considered to be pagans and the marriages were conducted by the Mother Goddess (Celeste 2010). 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This ideology also exaggeratedRead MoreHomosexuality and University Press5666 Words   |  23 PagesHomosexuality (male). Definition Homosexuality refers to sexual behaviors and desires between males or between females. Gay refers to self-identification with such practices and desires, like homosexual, both terms mostly used only for men. Lesbian is its female counterpart. Such definitions have run into major problems, and nowadays the concept â€Å"queer† is used to indicate the fluency of sexual practices and gender performances. Sociological context Since the 1970s, homosexuality hasRead MoreComparrison of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and the Picture of Dorian Grey1946 Words   |  8 PagesThe term gothic fiction implies a British literary genre from the late eighteenth, and early nineteenth century. The modernized term seems to have been generalized into anything that is dark, gloomy, or depressing. 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The Radical And The Republican - 996 Words

The Radical and the Republican Paper The Radical and the Republican by author James Oakes is an account of two idols that conquest over struggle during a time of great crisis, solidified in a specialist historian’s expertise of various writings on abolitionism, Abraham Lincoln, and the Civil War era. While Oakes is vigilant to dodge the evident dangers of hero-worship, his compassion for both Lincoln and Douglass is evident throughout. Oakes received the Lincoln Prize for his work on this manuscript which was published in 2007. Oakes: an American historian, professor of history and graduate school humanities at the City University of New York, teaches history courses on the American Civil War and Reconstruction, Slavery, the Old South, Abolitionism and U.S. and World History. Oakes taught previously at Princeton University and Northwestern University. Oakes keeps the reader hooked at every turn of the page by switching back and forth between Abraham Lincoln’s (republic an); who pledged to the democratic ethics of the Declaration of Independence, in trying to attain a more perfect union, and his central role in progressing the cause of slave freedom, first by issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, following by giving full support to a constitutional amendment that would end slavery all together, and Fredrick Douglass (radical); who in turn began to temper his ethical tyranny with his own brand of hardheaded realism, concluding with their well-known meetings in the WhiteShow MoreRelatedThe Radical And The Republican1235 Words   |  5 PagesThe Radical and The Republican, by James Oakes In the book, The Radical and the Republican, was a very interesting, informative read. It made me actually picture myself during that era, and feel how the main people in the book were so passionate about slavery. It focused on the attitudes and the political stand points of Abraham Lincoln, and Frederick Douglass, towards the issue on slavery and the emancipation of slaves. James Oake’s portrayal of both men was extremely positive. He went intoRead MoreThe Radical And The Republican Essay960 Words   |  4 Pagesthe book, The Radical and the Republican: Fredrick Douglass, Abraham Lincoln, and the triumph of Antislavery Politics, written by James Oakes connected the politics and the point of views of both Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass towards the issue of slavery and the emancipation of slaves. Oakes interpretations of both men were very detailed in showing their reason and politics behind their positions they served in society on the topic of slavery. Abraham L incoln, the republican, and FredrickRead MoreThe Radical and the Republican Essay examples1771 Words   |  8 PagesYour Name Your Teacher Your Class Due Date The Radical and the Republican This book was a view on slavery between during the Civil War. It shows the different views of the Republican Party of Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass. These two had very different views at first, but then learned to adapt to each other and eventually became great friends. Frederick Douglass was born into slavery. He had a strong hatred toward slavery; not just because he was a slave, but because he thoughtRead MoreAbraham Lincoln vs the Radical Republicans Essay2594 Words   |  11 Pagespersonalities within his political cabinet lead to both the abolition of slavery and victory of the Civil War and how did it contrast with the principles of Radical Republicans? Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 HISTORICAL CONTEXT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 LINCOLN: GRADUAL EMANCIPATOR†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......†¦.6 RADICAL REPUBLICANS: SWIFT EMANCIPATORS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 CONCLUSION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. WORKS CITED†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Read MoreFollowing Lincolns death (?), Radical Republicans took control of Congress and attempted to create600 Words   |  3 Pages(?), Radical Republicans took control of Congress and attempted to create a social and constitutional revolution. To do so, they amended the Constitution and imposed the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments. Although the purpose of these amendments was to create black equality, the South resisted acceptance of these changes so that this could not be possible. In turn, there really were not any social developments even though the constitution had been changed. Lincoln was a moderate Republican and hadRead MoreHow Did The Radical Republican s Rise For The Failure Of The Post Civil War Reconstruction?1619 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigation will explore the question: How did the Radical Republican’s rise to power contribute to the failure of the post-civil war reconstruction? The time between 1863, when Lincoln passed the ten percent act, until the year 1877, when reconstruction was officially ended, will be evaluated with information provided by the sources. The investigation will specifically look to how the Lincoln assassination allowed for the rise in the Radical Republican Party from 1866 to 1868 and the party’s effectRead MoreReconstruction Failure Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pagesstruggle to figure out the division of powers between states and the federal government. Apart from these successes, reconstruction is widely seen as a failure, due to the fact that it didn’t protect slaves from persecution, or implement t he radical republican ideas, which would have fundamentally redesigned the values of the south. The failure to do these things led to many civil injustices such as black codes, also known as Jim Crow Laws. 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Due to the hold that the Radical Republicans had on congress they were able to pass several new laws. The Radical Republicans almost immediately passed the 13th Amendment and the 14th Amendment. (The SocialRead MoreReconstruction : Johnson s Plans And His Battles With Congress1576 Words   |  7 Pages Reconstruction Johnson’s Plans and His Battles With Congress: Republican Abraham Lincoln chose Democratic Senator from Tennessee, in 1864, to be his vice presidential candidate. Abraham Lincoln was on the lookout for Southern support. He was hoping that choosing Johnson, would appeal the Southerners who never planned on leaving the union. Johnson also grew up in poverty. He hadn’t learned to write until he was around 20yrs old. He rose up to political power as a â€Å"backer† of a small farmer. In

A Critical Analysis Of A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay Example For Students

A Critical Analysis Of A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay A Critical Analysis Of A Midsummer Nights DreamMandy Conway Mrs. GuynesEnglish 1216 March 2000A Critical Analysis of ?A Midsummer Nights Dream?William Shakespeare, born in 1594, is one of the greatest writers in literature. He dies in 1616 after completing many sonnets and plays. One of which is ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? They say that this play is the most purely romantic of Shakespeares comedies. The themes of the play are dreams and reality, love and magic. This extraordinary play is a play-with-in-a-play, which master writers only write successfully. Shakespeare proves here to be a master writer. Critics find it a task to explain the intricateness of the play, audiences find it very pleasing to read and watch. ?A Midsummer Nights Dream? is a comedy combining elements of love, fairies, magic, and dreams. This play is a comedy about five couples who suffer through loves strange games and the evil behind the devious tricks. This play begins as Theseus, the Duke, is preparing to marry Hippolyta. He woos her with his sword. Hermia is in love with Lysander. Egeus, Hermias father, forbids the relationship with Lysander and orders her to marry Demetrius. Demetrius loves Hermia, but she does not love him. On the other hand, Helena is in love with Demetrius. To settle the confusion, Theseus decides that Hermia must marry Demetrius or become a nun. In retaliation to her fathers command, Hermia and Lysander run away together. Amidst all the problems in the human world, Titania and Oberon, the fairy queen and king, continually argue about their various relationships that they have taken part in. (Scott 336) Titania leaves Oberon as a result of the arguments. Oberon is hurt and wants revenge on Titania. So he tells Puck, Oberons servant, to put a magic flower juice on her eyelids while she is sleeping. This potion causes the victim to desperately in love with the first creature that they see. Oberons plan is carried out, but the potion is also placed on Lysanders eyes. Lysander awakes to see Helena, who is aimlessly walking through the woods, and instantly falls in love with her. She thinks that he is making fun of her being in love with Demetrius, so she leaves and Lysander follows. This leaves Hermia to wake up alone. Puck now has journeyed to the area where several actors are rehearsing. He uses his magic to turn one of them into a donkey, in hopes that Titania will awake to see it. Just as planned, she awakes and falls in love with the donkey. Oberon and Puck overhear Demetrius and Hermia arguing about their relationships and realize that they had made a mistake. In hopes of solving the problem, Puck places magic juice on Demetrius while he is sleeping. He awakes to Helena, wh o now has two men in love with her. Hermia is devastated because Lysander does not love her anymore. Helena and Hermia argue because Helena thinks that Hermia is in on the mens ?joke.? All four argue and leave. Puck persuades them to sleep all together and more of the antidote is placed on the eyes of Lysander. Titania also receives another dose of the potion, and awakes to her husband Oberon. A triple wedding is planned and everyone is happy. (thinkquest.com 1-3)Throughout the play there are many references to the gender and sex roles of the characters. As described in the critical essay by Shirley Nelson Garner, the dominating male power and strange sex roles of the characters is fluent throughout the play. The ordering of the fairy, human, and natural worlds is a movement toward satisfying mens psychological needs; but it also disrupts womens bonds with each other. The argument between Titania and Oberon arises from Titanias focus of attention toward a stolen Indian boy. Oberon u ses his authority to force Titania to give up the boy, and he is shocked when she disobeys him and leaves. Her attachment to the boy is erotic, because she treats him similar to Bottom after she falls in love with him by a spell. The underlying reason for Oberons complaint of Titania and the boys relationship is that he secretly wants the boy for himself. Oberon takes action because his power is threatened by Titanias love for the boy. He needs her too, so he wins the boy for himself to make her feel inferior. In other words, Titania gave up something that she loved to make her husband happy. This is seen in everyday life, women give up their wants to make their men happy. Titanias sacrifice for Oberon cost her to lose both her Indian boy and his mother, her women lover. When men dont make women happy, they turn to their friends for what they need, whatever it may be. (Scott 370-373)Male domination not only exists between husband and wife, but also between father and daughter. These us will not allow Hermia to marry Lysander. Theseus wants her to marry Demetrius. Egeus, a ruler, will force Hermia to become a nun unless she marries Demetrius. In retaliation to his demands, Lysander and Hermia run away together. Hermia is scolded by Egeus for being in love with the man she chooses. This suggests that men cause women to feel forced and obligated to do as they say. (Scott 373) Another example of male domination is the marriage of Theseus and Hippolyta. Theseus first wife was frail and yielding, and he divorced her. Hippolyta has been a warrior, and Theseus victory over her makes her unable to resist. By conquering the female warrior and marrying her, he fulfills his need for the exclusive love of a woman while satisfying his homoerotic desires. Close bonding fulfills this homoerotic desire with a male companion, such as Demetrius and Egeus. (Scott 373-373)Male jealousy and need for dominance ruins womens relationships with friends and also turns to brutality. Hermi a and Helena were once intimate friends, but Helena is suspicious of Hermias involvement in the mens ?joke.? Bonds between women are just as important as mens bonds with each other, but jealousy leads to the end of womens happiness. When Helena pursues Demetrius, his male brutality is revealed when he rejects her for another woman, insults her, and threatens to rape her. Also, when the men fall in love with her, she feels like the ?butt of a joke.? This stirs female insecurity and pain, again caused by previous abuse from men. The submissive nature of women enables Hermia and Helena to bear their lovers abuse. (Scott 374-376)The reconciliation between Titania and Oberon, at the end of the play, brings blessing to the human world. This suggests that the happiness of the world depend on the amount of love between couples. The problems caused suggest the heterosexual bonding is best. Just as women have insecurities, men feel that if women joined together there will be no need for men, possibly excluding them or preferring the friendship and love between women to a man-woman relationship. This fear is partially based on reality, but also by projection. Since men have stronger bonds with each other, they exclude women from participation in tings in which they care about; they assume that woman, if granted the opportunity would do the same. Mens main belief is that separating and conquering women is the only way to keep their power. (Scott 376)The essay written by George A. Bernard shows the fantasy and reality issues in the play. The fantasy world and real world exist apart from each other, never meeting at any point. The inhabitants of the fairy world are unreal in the sense that they lack feelings and intelligence. The dream world, beyond mortals comprehension, strongly influences the entire realm of ordinary life. By nature of their humanity, Oberons power causes vulnerability in the human world. This fairy kingdom is essentially a dream, which appears whenever reason goes to sleep, and during this time Oberon controls all things. Such illusions and dreams, created by Oberon, can be dangerous if they block out humans perception of reality. As the play proves, these dreams perform an important function in life. (Scott 381)Fairies, part of the fantasy world, live in the kingdom in the vague, dream-like East. In this area, legends, myths, and impossible stories originate. This placed is more commonly called ?the dream world.? The East exists both during and after sleep. The fairies bring the stories to you from the East. The fairies never think and love, which explains all of the deceit and odd events that go on during the play. This is acceptable in their world, because all the laws that govern the world of reality have no existence in the dream world. The lovers fall between these two worlds and are affected by both. The fairies make fools of the lovers, because humans are no accustomed to the fairys realm. In the real world, Hermia is sens ible and Lysander is reasonable. They want to be together even against Egeus commands, which is reasonable thinking. As soon as the two are alone, imagination takes control of them and they are blinded as to the misfortunes that are bound to cross the course of true love. This causes them to run away. (Scott 382-385)Mark van Doren explains the language and poetry in ?A Midsummer Nights Dream? as an immense expanse of Shakespeares extraordinary poetic imagination. This imagination is vast enough to house fairy realms and the world of reality, including all the peculiar manifestations of either place. Also the ability to describe the separate and often quite dissimilar regions of the plays universe by drawing on the rich resources of poetry. The words moon and water dominate the poetry of the play. (McIntosh 3) four happy days bring in another moon: but, O, me thinks, how slow. This old moon wanes! She lingers my desires? (McIntosh 1-3). As a result of their enormous allusive potentia l, these images engender am entire network of interlocking symbols that greatly enrich the text. The moon, water, and wet flowers conspire to extend the world of the play until it is as large as all imaginable life. The moon and water also explain the plays mystery and naturality. The lovers fall in and out of love like dolls, and like dolls they will go to sleep as soon as they are laid down. (McIntosh 3-4)Since the world is very large, there is plenty of room for mortals and fairies. Both are at home and sometimes seem to have exchanged functions with one another. Also, both mortals and fairies move freely in their own ?worlds.? In this world, the moon governs. (McIntosh 4)The choice of ballad emphasizes the enormous difference between the intellectual and cultural assumptions of Bottom, the author and the audience. Meanwhile the definite movement from spiritual transformation to dream is referred to as art. This mirrors the informing structure design of the play as a whole. The a rt form now becomes a way containing and triumphing over unbearable reality. ?Consider, then, we come but in despite. We do not come, as minding to content you, Our true intent is all for your delight, we are not here.? (McIntosh 5)?A Midsummer Nights Dream? is a play concerned with dreaming. Shakespeare reverses the categories of reality and illusion, sleeping and waking, art and nature, to touch upon the central theme of dreams. Dreams are truer than reality because it has a transforming power. Dreams are a part if the fertile, unbounded world of imagination. The Athenian lovers flee to the wood and fall asleep, entering a charmed of dream. After their eyes were anointed, the world of supernatural at once takes over the stage, controlling their lives in a way they cannot guess at. The dreams come true, but are made to appear ?fruitless.? Without knowing the dimension of dream in our lives, there can be no real self-knowledge. (Garber 59-62)Delusion is the prelude to illusion. Lysa nder should produce this speech at a point when his actions are completely supernaturally or subconsciously controlled without the slightest hint of either reason or will. Reason has no place in the dream state, and when characters attempt to employ it, they frustrate their own ends. (Garber 62-63) The memory of the dream itself is vague, because as the mind tries to rationalize what has been dreamed it only distorts the image. The instinct of the mind sets boundaries, while the process of dream blurs and obliterates those boundaries. (Dutton 51)The pattern of the play is controlled and ordered by a series of vital contrasts: the conflict of the sleeping and waking states, the interchange of reality and illusion, reason and imagination, and the disparate spheres of the influence of Theseus and Oberon. All is related to the portrayal of the dream state. (Garber 65-72) In this dramatic world where dreams are a reliable source of vision and insight, consistently truer than reality, the y seek to interpret and transform. (thinkquest.com 1)The imagery establishes the dream world in ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? The night creates a mysterious mood. At night, the fairy realm takes control. These fairies are brainless and deceitful, which leads to controversy between the mortals. The two worlds, united by moonlight, are active during their respectable times of the day. In the play, the fairy world is dominant, because there is only one scene containing daylight. The sounding of the horns while the sun rises announces the return of mortal sanity. The setting is imagery itself. The forest, with flowers, water, and the rest of nature seems to be away from the human world. This is a necessary setting for the dream world. (Draper 3173)The main theme in the play is dreams. As discussed before, dreams are truer than reality because they are part of the unbounded world imagination. (Magill 26) The fairies control the dreams; therefore they control your state of mind. Also a love -madness theme weaves together unrelated portions of the play. Shakespeare creates unity by flooding the play with moonlight. (Kenneth 29)Irony is a large element in the play. Many of the situations are ironic. Instead of attracting and falling in love with a gentlewoman, Theseus won Hippolyta with his sword. Also, Helenas affection for Demetrius seems to make him hate her, but the hatred eventually turns to love. Helena constantly pursues Demetrius, just as deer chase tigers in the dream forest. Demetrius cruel treatment ironically compels her to love him more. The fairy world has greater impact than the real world. This is ironic because the fairies have no intelligence or emotions like mortals. (Dutton 32-34)?A Midsummer Nights Dream? is said to be the most romantic of Shakespeares comedies. The fantasy world and erotic nature of the play draws interest to the play. This interest leads to the making of several different movies, and countless number of theater performances. The vi ewing of the play adds to its dramatic nature, allowing first hand contrast between how we felt and how someone else felt about the text. (Dutton 147-150)Shakespeares masterpiece, ?A Midsummer Nights Dream,? parallels with ?Romeo and Juliet.? The similarity in characters and the plot suggest that ?Romeo and Juliet? was written before ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? This play is a natural reaction of Shakespeares mind to Romeo because of his attitude toward love and life. (Draper 3152) The similarities between the beginning of the Dream and the main situation of Romeo and Juliet are obvious. The forbidden love, deceit, and pain are all elements in the comparison. This suggests that Shakespeare borrowed and condensed material from ?Romeo and Juliet.? The two fathers, Capulet and Egeus, give the same orders to their daughters. Capulet: ?An you be mine, Ill give you to my friend. An you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets.? Egeus: ?As she is mine, I many dispose her: Which shall b e either to this gentleman or to her death.? (Magill 72-75) Egeus is less brutal, but just as threatening as Capulet. Lysander and Hermias artificial complaint of love, the first in a series of hindrances in the course of true love. This is evidently a recollection of ?Romeo and Juliet.? Mercutios description of Queen Mab seems to have clearly been borrowed from ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? It has exquisite delicacy and daintiness of the Dream, but is not an integral part of ?Romeo and Juliet.? One element shared between the two plays directly is the moon. In ?Romeo and Juliet,? the moon brings the two star-crossed lovers together at night. The Moon unites the mortal and spiritual worlds in ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? The two catastrophes are almost identical, making it strange that he wrote a serious play directly after the comedy. (Magill 74-76)Many people, due to its ?magical? plot, read ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? Shakespeare wonderfully combines mystery, love, disaster, and come dy into one play. This play is the most romantic and intricate plays written by Shakespeare. Many people, past and present, find it to be popular due the interesting elements and storylines in the play. Embracing Cultures: The Chinese and The Scottish People EssayBibliographyWorks Cited Draper, James P. ?Critical Essays on Major Shakespeare Plays.? World LiteratureCriticism. 1992. Dutton, Richard. A Midsummer Nights Dream. New York: St. Martins Press, 1996. Garber, Marjorie B. Dream in Shakespeare: From Metaphor to Metamorphosis. London: Yale University Press, 1974. Kenneth, Muir. Shakespeare the Comedies: A Collection of Critical Essays. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1965. Magill, Frank N. ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? Masters of World Literature. 1989. McIntosh, Heather S. ?Critical Essays on Shakespeare Plays: A Midsummer Nights Dream.? www.calpoly.edu/libraryservices.com, 1999. Scott, Mark W. and Joseph C. Tardiff. Shakespeare for Students. Detroit: Gale Research, Inc., 1992. ?A Midsummer Nights Dream.? www.thinkquest.com, 2000. Shakespeare Essays